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The Constitution of India in English 2026: page 47

The Constitution of India in English 2026, India Code delivered snapshot ed1820c0a1100c2c, physical page 47, typed edition 223d395df4de00897c78a4c0a752b32348d86f7c4f7013254fd4e03da46ceca0. Unreviewed extraction.

Source: official India Code PDF · catalog record. Fetched 2026-10-19T23:32:36Z. SHA-256 ed1820c0a1100c2c6aa8ece835a8c8a60f996ae7eba30cc1798233683c66cfba.

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Source cover/preface date: 10th September, 2026. Preface amendment statement: Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023. Embedded PDF title: Constitution of India_ 20 MAY 2026 (final).pdf. These are distinct source labels, not currentness or commencement approval.

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16                     THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
                         (Part III.—Fundamental Rights)
       1
       [(1A) In making any law providing for the compulsory acquisition of
any property of an educational institution established and administered by a
minority, referred to in clause (1), the State shall ensure that the amount fixed
by or determined under such law for the acquisition of such property is such as
would not restrict or abrogate the right guaranteed under that clause.]
       (2) The State shall not, in granting aid to educational institutions,
discriminate against any educational institution on the ground that it is under
the management of a minority, whether based on religion or language.
           2
           *                        *                    *                     *
      31. [Compulsory acquisition of property.].—Omitted by the Constitution
(Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, s. 6 (w.e.f. 20-6-1979). e
                              3
                                                      od
                                  [Saving of Certain Laws]
       4                                        aC
      [31A. Saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc.—
5
 [(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in article 13, no law providing
                                             di
for—                                      In
           (a) the acquisition by the State of any estate or of any rights therein
       or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights; or
           (b) the taking over of the management of any property by the State
       for a limited period either in the public interest or in order to secure the
       proper management of the property; or
           (c) the amalgamation of two or more corporations either in the public
       interest or in order to secure the proper management of any of the
       corporations; or
          (d) the extinguishment or modification of any rights of managing
       agents, secretaries and treasurers, managing directors, directors or
       managers of corporations, or of any voting rights of shareholders
       thereof; or


1. Ins. by the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, s. 4 (w.e.f. 20-6-1979).
2. Sub-heading "Right to Property" omitted by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 20-6-1979).
3. Ins. by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976, s. 3 (w.e.f. 3-1-1977).
4. Ins. by the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951, s. 4, (with retrospective effect).
5. Subs. by the Constitution (Fourth Amendment) Act, 1955, s. 3, for cl. (1) (with
   retrospective effect).

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