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35 things about India's new criminal laws and everyday Acts, each checked against the text of the law and linked to it. Tap the WhatsApp icon to send one.

IPC → BNS

IPC 420 is now BNS 318(4).

Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property.

IPC → BNS

IPC 302 (murder) is now BNS 103(1).

Still death or life imprisonment, and fine.

IPC → BNS

IPC 498A is now BNS 85.

Cruelty to a woman by her husband or his relatives. BNS 86 defines "cruelty".

IPC → BNS

IPC 376 (rape) is now BNS 64.

Rape and related offences are in BNS Chapter V, Offences against Woman and Child.

IPC → BNS

IPC 506 (criminal intimidation) is now BNS 351.

A threat to kill or cause grievous hurt falls under BNS 351(3).

IPC → BNS

"Read with section 34" is now "read with BNS 3(5)".

Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention.

What changed

Sedition (IPC 124A) is gone.

BNS 152 punishes acts endangering the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India: a differently worded offence, not a renumbering.

What changed

Adultery is no longer a crime.

The Supreme Court struck down IPC 497 in Joseph Shine (2018), and the BNS left it out.

What changed

Attempting suicide is no longer a crime in itself.

BNS 226 punishes it only when done to compel or restrain a public servant.

New offence

Snatching is now an offence of its own.

Up to 3 years in jail, and fine (BNS 304).

New offence

Mob lynching is named in the law.

Murder by a group of five or more on grounds of race, caste, community, sex, place of birth, language or belief: death or life imprisonment (BNS 103(2)).

New offence

A false promise of marriage to get sex is a specific offence.

Up to 10 years in jail, and fine (BNS 69).

New punishment

Community service is now a punishment in Indian criminal law.

One of the six punishments listed in BNS 4, alongside death, life imprisonment, imprisonment, forfeiture of property and fine.

New offence

Organised crime is now in the BNS.

Including cyber-crime, land grabbing, contract killing and extortion by a syndicate (BNS 111).

Your rights

You can file an FIR at any police station, whatever the area.

Orally or by electronic communication (BNSS 173(1), which replaced CrPC 154).

CrPC → BNSS

Anticipatory bail (CrPC 438) is now BNSS 482.

Its heading never says "anticipatory": "Direction for grant of bail to person apprehending arrest".

CrPC → BNSS

Maintenance for wife, children and parents (CrPC 125) is now BNSS 144.

New rule

Police may now handcuff repeat offenders and people accused of grave crimes.

Such as murder, rape, organised crime and terrorist acts (BNSS 43(3)).

New rule

Proclaimed offenders who abscond can now be tried in their absence.

Absconding counts as giving up the right to be present (BNSS 356).

Evidence

The "65B certificate" is now a BSA 63 certificate.

For electronic records, in the form set out in the BSA's Schedule.

Your rights

A confession made to a police officer can't be proved against you.

BSA 23(1), carried over from the Evidence Act.

Traffic

No helmet: ₹1,000 and your licence disqualified for 3 months.

MV Act 194D. States can multiply fines, so your challan may differ.

Traffic

Not making way for an ambulance costs ₹10,000.

MV Act 194E, for a first offence.

Traffic

If a minor drives, the parent or owner can get 3 years in jail.

Plus a ₹25,000 fine (MV Act 199A).

Traffic

The drunk-driving limit is 30 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood.

MV Act 185: ₹10,000 and/or 6 months for a first offence.

Your rights

An RTI reply is due within 30 days, or 48 hours if it concerns life or liberty.

RTI Act 7(1).

Your rights

An information officer who delays an RTI reply can be fined ₹250 a day.

Up to ₹25,000 in all (RTI Act 20(1)).

Your rights

Every employer must set up an Internal Complaints Committee for sexual harassment.

POSH Act 4.

Your rights

Domestic violence includes economic abuse.

Along with physical, sexual, verbal and emotional abuse (DV Act 3).

Know the law

Giving or taking dowry: at least 5 years in jail.

And a fine of at least ₹15,000 or the dowry's value, whichever is more (Dowry Prohibition Act 3).

Know the law

Under POCSO, a child is anyone below 18.

POCSO Act 2(1)(d).

Your rights

You can file a consumer complaint electronically.

Consumer Protection Act 35(1).