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The Constitution of India in English 2026: page 176

The Constitution of India in English 2026, India Code delivered snapshot ed1820c0a1100c2c, physical page 176, typed edition 223d395df4de00897c78a4c0a752b32348d86f7c4f7013254fd4e03da46ceca0. Unreviewed extraction.

Source: official India Code PDF · catalog record. Fetched 2026-10-19T23:32:36Z. SHA-256 ed1820c0a1100c2c6aa8ece835a8c8a60f996ae7eba30cc1798233683c66cfba.

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Source cover/preface date: 10th September, 2026. Preface amendment statement: Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023. Embedded PDF title: Constitution of India_ 20 MAY 2026 (final).pdf. These are distinct source labels, not currentness or commencement approval.

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                                      PART XI
           RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES
                      CHAPTER I.—LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS
                           Distribution of Legislative Powers
       245. Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of
States.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may
make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the
Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.
       (2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the
ground that it would have extra-territorial operation.
       246. Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the
                                                          e
Legislatures of States.—(1) Notwithstanding anything in clauses (2) and (3),
                                                    od
Parliament has exclusive power to make laws with respect to any of the matters
                                                aC
enumerated in List I in the Seventh Schedule (in this Constitution referred to as
the “Union List”).                         di
       (2) Notwithstanding anything in clause (3), Parliament, and, subject to
                                        In
clause (1), the Legislature of any State 1*** also, have power to make laws
with respect to any of the matters enumerated in List III in the Seventh
Schedule (in this Constitution referred to as the “Concurrent List”).
       (3) Subject to clauses (1) and (2), the Legislature of any State 1*** has
exclusive power to make laws for such State or any part thereof with respect to
any of the matters enumerated in List II in the Seventh Schedule (in this
Constitution referred to as the “State List”).
       (4) Parliament has power to make laws with respect to any matter for
any part of the territory of India not included 2[in a State] notwithstanding that
such matter is a matter enumerated in the State List.
       3
         [246A. Special provision with respect to goods and services tax.—(1)
Notwithstanding anything contained in articles 246 and 254, Parliament, and,
subject to clause (2), the Legislature of every State, have power to make laws
with respect to goods and services tax imposed by the Union or by such State.


1. The words and letters "specified in Part A or Part B of the First Schedule" omitted by
   the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956).
2. Subs. by s. 29 and Sch., ibid., for "in Part A or Part B of        the First Schedule"
   (w.e.f. 1-11-1956).
3. Ins. by the Constitution (One Hundred and First Amendment) Act, 2016, s. 2
   (w.e.f. 16-9-2016).

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